WW populations brood occurred in mid-summer.

 

Egg laying began later in KI than in WW as this is

    reflected by smaller ovary sizes during early spring

    and fewer #'s of brood

 

For KI, few brood were found in the autumn and one

    pupa was found in winter (possibly due to late

    summer production when development times are

    longer)

 

In KI + WW Multi-female colonies tended to occur

    during the beginning of brood-rearing, but by the 

    end, the colonies were solitary female.